vk_rasterizer: Pack texceptions and color formats on invalid formats

Sometimes for unknown reasons NVN games can bind a render target format
of 0. This may be a yuzu bug.

With the commits before this the formats were specified without being
"packed", assuming all formats and texceptions will be written like in
the color_attachments vector.

To address this issue, iterate all render targets and pack them as they
are valid. This way they will match color_attachments.

- Fixes validation errors and graphical issues on Breath of the Wild.